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- ^ J. Haldon, The Byzantine Wars, 149
- ^ J. Norwich, Byzantium: The Apogee, 215
- Andrey Nikolayevich Sakharov. Svyatoslav's Diplomacy. Moscow: Mezhdunarodnye otnosheniya, 1982.
- Fyodor Uspensky. The History of the Byzantine Empire, vol. 2. Moscow: Mysl, 1997.
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